The integration development path of "order agriculture + finance" With the acceleration of the agricultural modernization process, "order agriculture" has increasingly become an important choice to promote farmers' income, corporate profits, and rural economic development. The 2017 Central Document No. 1 proposed the in-depth advancement of agricultural supply-side structural reform. "Several Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Further Promoting Agricultural Supply-side Structural Reform and Accelerating the Cultivation of New Motive Forces for Agricultural and Rural Development. The contradiction of "production and big market" reduces the blindness of farmers' decision-making, reduces the operating costs and risks of agricultural industrialization, and improves the ability of agriculture to resist natural and market risks. The development and growth of "order agriculture" cannot be separated from financial support. This article takes Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province as an example, and takes a problem-oriented approach to the research on the development of "order agriculture + finance" as an innovation research, which is conducive to promoting financial innovation and the sustainable development of "order agriculture". Analysis of the difficulties in integrating "order agriculture + finance" (1) The nature of commercial banks determines that financial support for "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is limited. Commercial banks are financial institutions with a purpose of making profits. Their nature determines their operating principles: efficiency, security, and liquidity. Under this business model, many financial behaviors of commercial banks have a preference, that is, to maximize the profit while taking security and liquidity into consideration, which is contrary to the tilt of financial resources to the "three rural" issues. Although the central government, government at all levels, and the People's Bank of China have increased their guidance to commercial banks in recent years, and the amount of credit funds for "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers" has continued to increase, the downward pressure on the current economy is still severe, the quality of credit assets is declining, and credit issuance. In the context of ever-decreasing scale, the "three rural" and "order agriculture" will need to go a long way in order to obtain sufficient credit funds to achieve its own development. (2) The lack of effective collateral has resulted in a single "order + finance" model. Against the background of the current unsatisfactory financial ecological environment, the incomplete rural financial system, and the inadequate reform of the rural land system, the "order + finance" model is basically limited to using fixed assets and other effective collateral as collateral or Under the framework of joint guarantees by multiple economic entities, the form is single and the flexibility is poor. And subject to effective collateral, only some companies and cooperatives with strong strength and bright development prospects can enjoy financial services, while most of the economic entities on the “order agriculture” industry chain are hovering outside the financial circle, especially Farmers. (3) The imperfection of the management mechanism affects the deep integration of "order + finance". Whether finance can effectively support the development of contract agriculture depends largely on the "order agriculture" itself. At present, there are some places where "order agriculture" is not well managed, which limits further integration with "finance". First, the order contracts are not standardized, the content is not clear, the procedures are not perfect, and the operation is unreasonable, which seriously affects the performance of orders. The second is that the order rights and responsibilities are unclear, and the default loss compensation mechanism is not perfect, making the order extremely vulnerable to changes in agricultural product prices, market demand, and other default phenomena; the third is that the benefit-sharing mechanism of "benefit sharing and risk sharing" has not yet truly Formation, limited binding force, problems in one link may bring transaction risk and credit risk; fourth, the entire sales process of orders and the management of the entire process of funds lack of independent third-party platforms to monitor and cannot effectively reduce risks and win more credit Financial support. (4) The imperfect credit system restricts the in-depth development of "orders + finance". As a classic mode of agricultural industrialization and modernization, since the implementation of contract agriculture in China, the compliance rate has been only about 20%, and there is a great market risk. The reason is caused by the lack of a sound market credit system, lack of credit in rural areas, and the lack of social restraint and punishment for dishonesty. Coupled with the weak nature of agriculture itself, there are bound to be many risks in the production process. When the market conditions change, some companies may break their contracts in order to protect their own interests. Farmers, due to weak credit awareness and poor contract awareness, will use various countermeasures to avoid market risks. For example, when the market price of agricultural products is lower than the "order price", they will rush to sell to the enterprise; once the market price is high, they will sell to others. . Regardless of which party defaults, the financial institution that serves as the fund provider will suffer losses. Suggestions for innovation and development (1) Accelerate the rooting of the two-equity mortgage loan and improve the guarantee of financial support. Governments at all levels and relevant departments should deepen the reform of the rural land system, vigorously promote the registration and issuance of "peasant housing property rights" and "rural contracted land management rights," and gradually establish supporting property rights transfer transaction platforms and mortgages. The value evaluation platform and collateral reasonable disposal platform create more possibilities for the development of "order agriculture + finance". In the process, the People's Bank of China, the Banking Regulatory Bureau and relevant financial institutions should reasonably guide and actively explore the issuance of "peasant housing property right mortgage loans" and "rural contracted management right mortgage loans", so that more "order agriculture" industry chains Economic entities have more effective and convenient access to credit funds. (2) Explore the use of orders as effective collateral to improve the flexibility of financial support. In order to effectively alleviate the shortage of liquidity in the peak season of Apple sales, the Fuxian Rural Cooperative Bank innovatively launched a “fruit product warehouse receipt pledge loan” in 2012. The fruit warehouse receipt was used as a pledge guarantee to increase the effective collateral and obtain credit funds. support. With this as an entry point, financial institutions should explore the “order agriculture” economic entities that have more standardized order contracts, mature management operations, clearer rights and responsibilities, more scientific capital control, better credit, and less risk of default. Try to use the "order" signed by him as effective collateral, and use the receivable corresponding to the order as the source of repayment. After performing the relevant loan procedures, issue a loan according to a certain percentage of the subject amount of the "order" contract and give credit support. While enhancing the availability of finance, the sustainability of the development of "order agriculture" will be enhanced. (3) Improve and improve the modern rural financial system and improve the comprehensiveness of financial support. For "order agriculture + finance", in order to achieve deep integration and development, we must accelerate the establishment of a multi-layered, broad-covered, sustainable modern rural financial system that combines policy finance, commercial finance, and cooperative finance. Positioning, flexibility and complementarity of management mechanism, diversity and difference of financial product and service innovation, centralization and sharing of financial resources, and comprehensive enhancement of financial support for "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and "order agriculture". (4) Strengthen the construction of credit systems in rural areas and increase the enthusiasm for financial support. Establish a leading group for the construction of a rural credit system led by local governments, with the participation of the People's Bank, finance, agriculture and other relevant departments. Aiming at supporting the healthy development of new-type rural operators and meeting the financing needs of contract-related agricultural enterprises and farmers, we will use administrative and legal means to maintain financial bonds, improve credit evaluation and guarantee systems, and activate the inherent vitality of agricultural industrial cooperatives through multi-party cooperation. Financial support for order agricultural development provides a good credit environment. (5) Actively seek support from monetary policy tools to improve the feasibility of financial support. Financial institutions should actively seek the support of monetary policy tools on the premise that they meet the requirements, and use the application of monetary policy tools (such as: re-loans, rediscounts, etc.) to promote the growth of credit scale and reduce the cost of funds, while ensuring sufficient profit space while promoting financial Resources are effectively tilted towards "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and "order agriculture". Source: China Orders Agricultural Network Editor: Wenbo